Entropy Decrease in Isolated Systems: Theory, Fact and Tests
Abstract
First, we emphasize that preconditions of entropy increase are 1) for isolated systems; 2) various internal interactions in system must be neglected; 3) they must be thermal equilibrium processes. We proposed possible entropy decrease due to fluctuation magnified and internal interactions in isolated systems, and research various possible entropy decreases in physics, which include phase transformation from disorder uniformity to order state. Next, the solidification forms spontaneously an order structure, and it may be process of entropy decrease. Third, we propose that entropy decrease exists necessarily in self-assembly as isolated system. Fourth, we discuss the molecular motor and entropy decreases in biology. Fifth, we research entropy decrease in astronomy and propose quantitatively a total formula of entropy change for universal evolution of any natural and social systems. As long as we break through the bondage of the second law of thermodynamics, the rich and complex world is full of examples of entropy decrease.