Published Articles Archive

Abstract
In this article, we asked about the validity of the results obtained using atomic clocks, when trying to contrast the idea of the Time Dilation. As we will try to demonstrate, the idea of time dilation is a utopia that appears by a misinterpretation of a Thought experiments. However, physical experiments performed with great precision, using atomic clocks, are interpreted as the occurrence of such fallacy. What if we are wrong? Do these physical experiments serve to corroborate the idea of time dilation?

Abstract
The boundary value problems arise from many fields of applied mathematics and physics. Various applications of boundary value problems to applied mathematical sciences are well documented in the literature. In this paper, I study the solutions for a class of (p,q) Laplacian system. Using the fixed point theorems in cones the existence of positive solutions is proved. Sufficient conditions are provided under which this system has solution.

Abstract
This is the most important, first time, the internal force of gases is measurable. The internal force of the gases in the gas container, as well as the atmosphere of the earth and other celestial bodies, can be measured. The internal force has a significant role in the behaviour of the gases as in the gas container as well as the atmosphere of the earth and other celestial bodies. Internal force may help to assume the most accurate weather reporting.

Abstract
In recent years, boundary value problem of second-order have received a lot of attention. In this paper, I study the existence of
positive solutions for a class of p-Laplacian boundary value problem at infinity. The fixed point theorems in cones is the our
main tools to prove the existence of solutions. I provide sufficient conditions under which this system has solution. I establish
some propositions to prove the existence of positive solutions for these equations.

Abstract
The activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K have been determined for product (urea) samples collected from the Chittagong Urea Fertilizer Limited (CUFL) and Jamuna Fertilizer Company Limited. The different kinds of sample were analyzed by using a calibrated high purity germanium (HPGe) detector of relative efficiency of 38%. For solid samples, the mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K have been found 78.67±2.87, 59.74±2.27 and 463.71±9.16 Bq/Kg, respectively. The mean activity concentrations of product samples for the corresponding radionuclide were 73.12±2.83, 74.59±2.32 and 391.58±9.38 Bq/Kg, respectively. The artificial radionuclide 137Cs has not been detected in any of the samples. The obtained results of this study show that for some samples the values are lower and for the remaining are higher than the World average values. The mean representative index value is less than unity which confirms that the area is safe for the factory workers and the public nearby.

Abstract
Gravity and time are necessarily related to each other. Gravity affects the measurement of time. In contrast time too affects the measurement of gravity. Our imagination about the gravity is like this much, that the gravitational constant G is a constant character. That is not quite right. Gravitational constant G is a relative character by all accounts. As we know that the measurement of time is affected both by motion (special relativity) as well as by gravity too (general relativity). Now the question may arise. Whether the measurement of gravity may also is affected by time? The answer is yes. Gravity too is affected by time (motion)as well. Gravity is the function of time.

Abstract
The Brownian motion, thermodynamics performance and existence or non-existence of atmosphere in the earth and other celestial bodies depends on the effect of heat energy wave force i.e. Infra-red wave force on the outer surface of tiny particles like atoms, molecules, etc.

Abstract
First landslide hazard zonation provided based on Fuzzy logic by landslide area laid on the Slope map, Geology( lithology) map, Aspect map. Then, these maps classes of priority and coming next determine based on existing landslides area in the geology, slope and aspect of maps. In the geology map of tuff, shale, and conglomerate rocks, about with hectare 1440.43 (about percent 23.94) and shelly limestone about with hectare 0.88 (about percent 0.01) and in the slope map, X>45 classes about with hectare 2794 (about percent 46.44 ) and 15-25 classes about with hectare 737 ( about percent 12.25) and in the aspect map, East classes with about hectare 1882 ( about percent 31.28) and west classes with hectare 579 (about percent 9.62) sequential have most and least landslide area. Then, in final drawer to dimension centimeters 2 in region watershed management of map and we counted from 0 until 863 based on geology, slope and aspect that exist only unit 624 counted from 0 until 623. Then (y) units settled sequential, numbers 0 to 105 in very low sensitivity class (one class), numbers 106 to 207 in low sensitivity class (two class), numbers 208 to 345 in average sensitivity class (three class), numbers 346 to 498 in high sensitivity class (four class) and numbers 499 to 623. then landslide hazard zonation provided base on Fuzzy logic.

Abstract
The cosmic (physical) vacuum according to modern data possesses the properties of a material medium. In combination with the celestial bodies, this medium is capable of forming dynamic structures. Presumably, these structures have a wave nature, and in their development, the gravitational waves, emitted by the stars and their planetary systems can take part. It is believed that physical vacuum is almost weightless matter. However this study postulates its high density, as a condition for adaptation of the fundamental physical laws for different mediums and substances. The product of this density and gravitational constant gives vent to the frequency, which is entitled as the probable frequency of the gravitational wave background of space and equals to .06 Hz (rounded). The supposed spectrum of gravity waves of the solar system could become a model for the spectral analysis of extra-solar systems and the evaluation of habitable planets.

Abstract
Today, soil reinforcement is applied as an effective and reliable way to increase the resistance of the soil mass. This method works in a variety of instruments to stabilize earthen dam, layers below the surface, the embankment road and pavement. Geotechnical applications needs advanced behavioral models to simulate nonlinear and time- functionality of soils. Whole problem is analyzed numerically with software plaxis, including an embankment with crest width 2b and height (H) which is located on soft clay layer. The clay layer is placed under the stabilized layer and the embankment located on it. The initial dimensions of the plane strain analysis, including the embankment crest width of 6 meters by 9 meters with side slopes of 2:1 (V: H) on deep clay layer of 40 meters. In this paper, we first review the results of the initial analysis and then discuss the results of previous research done in this area; the results are compared to the software plaxis. Then, the sensitivity analysis of parameters such as slopes on either side of the embankment, the embankment width and height of the embankment is performed.

Abstract
In this paper, we deal with the multiplicity of positive solutions for a class of (p , q)-Lalpacian system. Moreover the author established suitable conditions under which, the problem has positive solutions.

Abstract
Wave nature is a form of heat energy. Call it as heat energy wave. Heat energy wave holds some force which takes a great effect on outer surface of molecules as well as takes effect in behaviour of gases. How heat energy wave takes effect in behaviour of gases is described in details in this article. Roll of heat energy wave in behaviour of gases is a new idea and a second way. This new idea will help us as a second way to explain the behaviour of gases, to assume the size of minute particle atom, molecules etc., for more efficient weather reporting and many others.

Abstract
The light phenomena of the Norwegian valley of Hessdalen are one of several unexplained light phenomena around the world. Scientists have investigated it since 1981 without a proven theory of what causes the phenomena. In this article, the superposition of cosmic radiation due to local distortion of Earths magnetic field is investigated as the source of the phenomena. Hessdalen has special characteristics in regard of its high concentration of minerals, valley formation and river containing minerals running through it and this could cause the cosmic radiation entering the valley from above to superimpose into the visible spectrum. This new theory is tested against the observed and unexplained special properties of the light phenomena, showing some promising results. Superposition of cosmic EM waves, or collisions of cosmic ray particles, should be further evaluated as the source.

Abstract
The modification on the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer as a result of ArF (193nm) laser irradiation was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were employed for examination of the chemical composition of irradiated surface and conical structure. FTIR spectroscopy indicates that by irradiation of PET, hydrophobic groups of the polymer molecules in the polymer chain have more freedom of movement and prevents from the interaction between water molecules and the hydrophilic groups on the polymer surface, and PET surfaces after exposure have become more hydrophobic. While the PET is irradiated by more than 800 pulses, its surfacs become hydrophilic, so that the surface of PET after treated by 1500 pulses, even become more hydrophilic than that of untreated one.

Abstract
Push-gravity is an alternative theory to General Relativity, which originates back to the time of Newton when scientists Fatio and later Le Sage proposed that gravity was due to an imbalance of continuous and uniform particle streams we cannot see. Today, we know that there exists such a uniform field. Not particles, but cosmic radiation. Thus, in this article, the imbalance push force due to cosmic radiation shielding between objects is derived using antenna theory, i.e. the Friis equation. The push force is tested as the source of gravitation arriving at a condition that v2r must be equal for the orbiting planets for the theory to hold, which is in accordance with Kepler´s third law, i.e. v2r =1.3*1011 (km3/s) for all planets. Based on this result, the cosmic radiation push should be further investigated as the source of gravitation.

Abstract
The chemistry of the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) had been established. However, the explanation on the interplay
between GABA receptors antagonize fundamental concept of the GABAergic Signaling . For example, glutamate spillover
from excitatory afferent terminals leads to the modulation of GABAergic signals. However, this result is true with respect to
GABAB receptors only. The physics of its interplay between the GABA receptors was theoretically investigated using the
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because the proton gradient controls the intermediate energy storage for heat production
and flagellar rotation. The MRI investigation of the GABAergic Signaling is not a new concept in medicine. Molecular
potential in the receptors increases the peak radiofrequency (RF) field (B1) amplitude and the holding potential of the GABA
receptors. The suppressed fluctuation of the GABAergic Signaling was noticed where the receptors are all actively involved
in the GABAergic network. Hence, a dual technique was suggested to detect the suppressed GABAergic state in the human
body.

Abstract
It seems something that a music listener receives is more emotional than rational. However, in this case, if the listener is an architect, interactions and confrontational effects he can receive which are based on architectural point of view, are closer to the feelings of the composer of the piece of music. In this article, the writer is trying to find out what is the place art of music in the art of architecture and to answer conceptual links between architecture and music have been discussed. Moreover, the process has begun with the aim of establishing a connection between music and architecture, with an emphasis on the recognition of unique characteristics of music and its manifestation in architecture. The result is that architecture and music are both abstract arts and the initial feeling in architecture is meeting needs, but music lays its impact at the moment.

Abstract
Due to a strong need for lane changing, in weaving sections a type of turbulence creates a traffic flow and as a result the speed and the capacity of the weaving section decreases. Therefore, investigation of in this regard seems to be very essential. However, because of the lack of manual control for urban principal arterials, calibration of these models is necessary as well. One of these models that are used to evaluate the level of the weaving sections service is Speed Rates Model which will be elaborated in this paper. The required data have been collected in nine Tehran principal arterials. Then, two models for prediction of weaving and non-weaving speed rates have been developed. Validations also confirm the accuracy of the developed models. The investigation of weaving speed rates reveals that, speed rates for weaving vehicles reduce by increasing weaving density and rates. Also the research on non-weaving speed model shows the speed rates for non-weaving vehicles reduce by increasing weaving density and lane changing rate. Moreover, comparison of the developed model and HCM 2010 for similar condition reveals that the developed models have the predictability more than that of HCM 2010 model.

Abstract
North east of Iran has been of crucial importance compared to other areas due to important routes crossing it. From the perspective of archaeologists, the expansion of regional and trans-regional trade exchanges is an evidence of Bronze Age in Iran. Resistive animals in land trade are of crucial importance. Chariots and wheeled vehicles were important transportation means in Bronze Age. Wheeled chariots became prevalent in north east of Iran and four-wheeled chariots replaced two-wheeled ones over time. At first they were drawn by cow power, but then animals like camels and equids replaced cows. Considering the importance of adequate and appropriate means of transporting goods and trade materials in one hand, and the strategic and special role of the north east of the Iranian Plateau on the other hand, this paper attempts to study and recognize transportation means used in this area in Bronze Age, using archaeological documents and data.

Abstract
The measurement of lead in archaeological bone forms the basis for providing insight into ancient societies, including disease, lifestyle and eating habits. It is sometimes asserted that in the 5th century AD lead toxicity played a key role in the eventual fall of the western Roman Empire. Others view the effect of lead exposure at that time to be less significant. The debate concerns the idea that clinical lead poisoning mainly affected the aristocratic population and caused a strong reduction in fertility and reproduction .Choosing bone over soft tissues or blood for lead measurement is due to the fact that the bone represents a long-term store of a range of elements, including lead, and can survive over many thousands of years. Different elemental analysis techniques both in-vivo and in-vitro have been developed over the years, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the latter being the main technique described within this review. The main advantages of in-vitro techniques are that they have excellent detection limits and data processing times but on the down side they are very expensive. On the other hand, while in-vivo techniques are non-invasive they suffer from relatively poor detection limits, pointing to the need for validation using in-vitro analysis.